# capitalism

/ˈkæpɪtəˌɫɪzəm/ (US) · /kˈæpɪtəlˌɪzəm/ (UK)

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/capitalism
Updated: 2026-06-20

## Senses

### 1. economic system

noun · CEFR B2 · Academic

a system where individuals and companies own businesses and property, and compete to make money.

For teachers: an economic and social system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit within a market economy.

- In a system of capitalism, businesses compete with each other to offer the best prices to customers.
- Critics of global capitalism argue that the system prioritises short-term corporate profits over long-term environmental sustainability and social equity.

Usage: Often used uncountably to refer to the general concept, but can be countable when referring to specific national varieties.

Teaching tip: While often associated with 'democracy', capitalism refers specifically to the economic structure rather than the political voting system.

## Examples

- Many countries around the world have economies based on capitalism.
- Under capitalism, companies compete with each other to offer the best products and attract the most customers.
- Critics of unregulated capitalism argue that it inevitably concentrates wealth, while proponents maintain it is the most efficient engine for innovation and global poverty reduction.

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From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.