# glutamate

/ˈɡɫutəˌmeɪt/ (US) · /ɡlˈuːtɐmˌeɪt/ (UK)

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/glutamate
Updated: 2026-08-08

## Senses

### 1. chemical salt

noun · CEFR C1 · Technical

a type of chemical salt used in food to make it taste savory or meaty.

For teachers: any salt or ester of glutamic acid, frequently utilized in the food industry as a flavor enhancer.

- Many people recognize monosodium glutamate as the ingredient that gives snacks a savory taste.
- The food scientist explained that glutamate naturally occurs in aged cheeses and tomatoes, contributing to their intense umami profile.

Usage: Often used in the full form 'monosodium glutamate' (MSG) when referring to food additives.

### 2. neurotransmitter

noun · CEFR C2 · Technical

a chemical in the brain that helps send messages between nerve cells.

For teachers: the anion of glutamic acid acting as the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system.

- Glutamate is essential for learning and memory because it helps brain cells communicate.
- Excessive levels of extracellular glutamate can lead to excitotoxicity, a process where nerve cells are damaged or killed by overactivation.

Usage: Uncountable when referring to the chemical substance in a biological context.

## Examples

- Glutamate gives this soup its deep, savory flavor.
- The chef added a small amount of glutamate to the broth to enhance the natural umami of the mushrooms.
- While naturally occurring glutamate is essential for normal brain function, excessive intake of synthetic glutamate in processed foods has sparked debate regarding its long-term health effects.

---

From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.