# mankind

/ˈmænˈkaɪnd/ (US) · /mæŋkˈaɪnd/ (UK)

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/mankind
Updated: 2026-06-20

## Senses

### 1. the human race

noun · CEFR B2

all humans considered as a single group.

For teachers: the human species in its entirety. Uncountable; often used without an article in abstract or philosophical contexts.

- The moon landing was described as a giant leap for mankind.
- Philosophers have long debated whether mankind is inherently cooperative or naturally inclined toward competition for resources.

Usage: Usually used without 'the' when referring to the species as a whole.

Teaching tip: In modern English, many writers prefer 'humankind' or 'humanity' to avoid the gendered 'man' prefix, though 'mankind' remains common in historical and literary contexts.

### 2. men collectively

noun · CEFR C1 · Formal · Literary

men as a group, as distinct from women.

For teachers: the male portion of the human race. This sense is increasingly rare and usually found in older texts or specific sociological contrasts.

- The author discussed the different roles of mankind and womankind in ancient myths.
- The Victorian essayist contrasted the social expectations placed upon mankind with the domestic virtues then attributed to women.

Teaching tip: This sense is largely archaic; learners should use 'men' in everyday speech to avoid confusion with the general sense of 'humanity'.

## Examples

- The moon landing was a giant leap for mankind.
- Scientists are working to solve climate change for the benefit of all mankind.
- Throughout history, mankind has demonstrated a remarkable capacity for both profound artistic creation and systematic destruction.

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From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.