# phosphorylation

CEFR C1 · Noun

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/phosphorylation
Updated: 2026-05-18

## Definition

the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, like a protein. This change often helps control how the molecule works inside a cell.

For teachers: the biochemical process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, typically a protein or nucleic acid. This modification often regulates cellular processes such as signal transduction and enzyme activity.

## Examples

- Phosphorylation helps the cell respond to external signals.
- Researchers are studying how phosphorylation affects the speed of muscle contractions during intense exercise.
- The regulation of metabolic pathways often depends on the reversible phosphorylation of key enzymes, allowing the cell to rapidly adjust its energy output in response to changing environmental conditions.

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