# retard

/ɹiˈtɑɹd/ (US)

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/retard
Updated: 2026-08-08

## Senses

### 1. to slow down progress

verb · CEFR C1 · Technical · Formal

to slow down the development or progress of something.

For teachers: to delay or impede the development, progress, or arrival of something. Transitive — requires a direct object.

- The new chemical was added to the plastic to retard the spread of fire.
- The lack of adequate sunlight significantly retarded the growth of the experimental crops during the winter months.

Usage: Commonly used in technical contexts like chemistry, fire safety, or biology.

### 3. music tempo

noun · CEFR C2 · Technical

a moment in music where the speed slows down.

For teachers: a reduction in the tempo of a piece of music. Often used as a synonym for ritardando.

- The conductor signaled a slight retard at the end of the song.
- The final four bars of the concerto require a gradual retard to emphasize the emotional weight of the closing theme.

## Examples

- The cold weather will retard the growth of the plants.
- The chemical treatment is designed to retard the spread of fire across the wooden surface.
- Economists argue that excessive regulation may retard the recovery of the housing market by discouraging new construction projects.

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From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.