# soma

/ˈsoʊmɑ/ (US) · /sˈəʊmɐ/ (UK) · CEFR C2 · Noun

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/soma
Updated: 2026-08-15

## Definition

the main part of a cell or the physical body of a person. In science, it usually refers to the part of a nerve cell that contains the center or 'brain' of the cell.

For teachers: the cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and excluding the axon and dendrites; also refers to the entire physical body of an organism as distinct from the mind or germ cells.

## Examples

- The signals travel from the dendrites through the soma to the axon.
- In cellular biology, the soma is responsible for maintaining the life of the neuron by producing necessary proteins.
- Philosophical discussions often contrast the soma with the psyche, exploring the complex relationship between the physical vessel of the body and the intangible nature of the mind.

## Usage notes

- In biological contexts, the plural form is usually 'somata' or 'somas'.

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From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.