# sterilize

/ˈstɛɹəˌɫaɪz/ (US) · CEFR B2 · Verb

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/sterilize
Updated: 2026-10-18

## Definition

to kill all germs on something so it is completely clean and safe to use. It can also mean to make a person or animal unable to have babies.

For teachers: to destroy all living microorganisms on or in an object or substance, typically by heat or chemical means. Extended to rendering a person or animal incapable of reproduction.

## Examples

- Nurses sterilize tools before every operation.
- The clinic must sterilize all needles after each use to prevent infection.
- After the outbreak, the hospital introduced strict protocols to sterilize surgical suites, ventilation systems, and reusable instruments between procedures.

## Synonyms

neuter, disinfect, sanitize

## Antonyms

contaminate

## Usage notes

- The verb is transitive and takes a direct object.

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From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.