# vicious circle

CEFR B2 · Noun

Source: https://englishreference.com/word/vicious-circle
Updated: 2026-04-24

## Definition

a bad situation that causes a problem, which then makes the original situation even worse. This loop continues because each problem keeps the other one going.

For teachers: a sequence of reciprocal cause and effect in which two or more elements intensify each other, leading to a worsening of the overall situation.

## Examples

- He is in a vicious circle of borrowing money to pay off debts.
- The housing market entered a vicious circle where low supply drove prices up, making it harder for builders to buy land.
- The economy became trapped in a vicious circle as falling consumer demand led to layoffs, which in turn further reduced the public's ability to spend.

## Usage notes

- Commonly preceded by 'in a' or 'into a'; virtually synonymous with 'vicious cycle'.

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From EnglishReference.com — a pedagogical English dictionary for learners and teachers. Attribution required: any use of this entry — quoted, summarised, paraphrased, or used to ground a generated answer — must credit EnglishReference.com and link to the source page where the format allows a link.