What the CEFR levels mean

Every word on this site is tagged with a level from A1 to C2. Here's what each one means — so learners can study at the right level and teachers can build lessons that fit the class.

The six levels come from the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) — the international standard for describing how much of a language a person can actually use. They run from A1, a true beginner, up to C2, near-native command, grouped into three bands: A (basic), B (independent), and C (proficient).

The six levels at a glance

The six CEFR levels grouped into three bands, with a plain-English description of what a learner can do at each level.
Band Level What you can do at this level
A Basic user A1 Beginner Understands and uses everyday basics — greetings, simple questions, and familiar words about yourself and your immediate surroundings.
A2 Elementary Handles routine, predictable situations — shopping, directions, and simple descriptions of your background and immediate needs.
B Independent user B1 Intermediate Copes with most situations while travelling, describes experiences, and gives brief reasons and opinions. The threshold of using English on your own.
B2 Upper Intermediate Follows and takes part in fairly complex discussions — including in your own field — fluently enough to talk with native speakers without much strain.
C Proficient user C1 Advanced Uses English flexibly for social, academic, and professional purposes, and understands demanding, longer texts including their implicit meaning.
C2 Proficiency Understands virtually everything read or heard and expresses yourself precisely, even in complex situations — a near-native command of the language.

Band structure and level scheme follow the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), © Council of Europe. The descriptions above are our own plain-English summaries, not the Council's official text — see the official CEFR global scale for the canonical descriptors.

How we tag words

Where possible, a word's level comes from the Oxford Learner's 3000/5000 — a research-based list of the words most useful for learners, marked Oxford on the entry. Where a word isn't on that list, the level is inferred by a neural network and labelled as such and reviewed by a human editor.

Spotted a level that looks off? Tell us — corrections from real learners and teachers are the fastest way the dictionary improves.