English Reference

Word

backfire

Phoneticsback·fire

US/ˈbækˌfaɪɹ/

UK/bˈækfaɪə/

Definitions

01to have the opposite effect

B2

v. to have the opposite result from what you intended, usually causing you problems.

v. to produce an adverse or unintended effect that is contrary to the original intent. Intransitive — the subject is usually a plan, strategy, or action.

“The company's plan to raise prices backfired when all their customers left.”

“The aggressive marketing strategy backfired spectacularly, alienating the core demographic and leading to a sharp decline in quarterly revenue.”

Antonyms

02engine noise

C1 · Technical

v. when an engine makes a loud, sudden noise like a small explosion.

v. to undergo a premature ignition of fuel in the cylinder or exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, resulting in a loud popping sound.

“The old truck backfired loudly as it drove down the quiet street.”

“The vintage motorcycle backfired several times before the mechanic managed to adjust the carburettor and stabilise the idle speed.”

Technical

Synonyms

misfirepop

03a mechanical explosion

C1 · Technical

n. a loud noise made by an engine or a gun when it is not working correctly.

n. a premature explosion in the cylinder or exhaust of an engine, or a reverse fire in a firearm.

“We heard a loud backfire from the garage and went to see what happened.”

“The sudden backfire from the exhaust pipe startled the pedestrians, who initially mistook the sound for a gunshot.”

Technical

Synonyms

misfireexplosion

04controlled fire

C2

v. to start a small, controlled fire to stop a larger forest fire from spreading.

v. to initiate a controlled fire in the path of an advancing wildfire to deprive it of fuel and halt its progress.

“The firefighters decided to backfire the ridge to save the nearby town.”

“The crew worked through the night to backfire the perimeter, successfully creating a buffer zone that the main wildfire could not cross.”

Technical

Synonyms

controlled burn

Real-World Examples

“They do not smell danger, while Alonso’s decision to leave Maxence Lacroix out at centre-back and shift from a back three to a 4-2-3-1 system backfired.”
The Guardian · 12 Sept 2026
“Crossing that line can backfire if the company is caught.”
Phys.org · 27 Aug 2026

Etymology

From back + fire.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

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