English Reference
noun

cain

n.
US /ˈkeɪn/ UK /kˈeɪn/ cain UK spelling cains

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Religion

    The first son of Adam and Eve in the Bible, who killed his brother Abel.

    The eldest son of Adam and Eve, identified in Genesis as the first murderer for killing his brother Abel.

    Simple

    In the Bible story, Cain was a farmer who became jealous of his brother.

    In context

    The narrative of Cain and Abel is frequently cited in literature as the foundational story of human conflict and sibling rivalry.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency LiteraryArchaic

    A person who kills their own brother or someone close to them.

    A literary or archaic allusion to a murderer, specifically one who commits fratricide.

    Simple

    The poet described the traitor as a modern Cain, hated by everyone.

    In context

    The protagonist felt the brand of Cain upon his brow after the accidental death of his companion, haunted by a guilt he could not escape.

    murdererfratricide
  3. 03 B1 Intermediate

    A common family name in English-speaking countries.

    A surname of English and Irish origin, sometimes derived from the biblical name or from occupational roots.

    Simple

    The author of the book is a man named James M. Cain.

    In context

    The Cain family has lived in this valley for generations, according to the local parish records.


From Hebrew קַיִן (Káyin, “craftsman”), present since Old English.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin he קַיִן
Level C2 · Proficiency
Frequency Frequent
Updated