English Reference
noun

capitol

n.
US /ˈkæpɪtəɫ/ UK /kˈæpɪtəl/ capi·tol UK spelling capitol's, capitol's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate American English

    the building where a government's legislature meets to discuss and pass laws.

    a building in which a state or national legislature meets. In the United States, this refers to both the federal building in Washington D.C. and the various statehouses.

    Simple

    The protesters gathered on the steps of the state capitol to demand new laws.

    In context

    Security was tightened around the capitol as lawmakers prepared to vote on the controversial budget proposal.

    Usage

    Usually capitalized when referring to a specific building, such as the U.S. Capitol.

    Pitfall
    The capital building has a white dome. The capitol building has a white dome.

    Use 'capital' for the city and 'capitol' for the specific building where the government meets.

    statehouselegislature
  2. 02 C2 Proficiency ArchaicFormal

    a temple or fort in an ancient Roman city, especially the one on the Capitoline Hill in Rome.

    the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline Hill in ancient Rome, or a similar citadel in other Roman cities.

    Simple

    The ancient capitol was the most important religious site in the city.

    In context

    Archaeologists discovered the foundations of a provincial capitol, suggesting the town held significant administrative status during the Roman occupation.

    citadelacropolis
Don't confuse

capitol vs capital — Capital is the city, the money, or the letter; capitol is the physical building where lawmakers meet.

The BBC's lawyers argue Trump's family members "have personal knowledge" of his intentions in the speech he gave outside the US Capitol on 6 January 2021.

BBC News· 15 Aug 2026

From Middle English Capitolie, in historical sense, from Latin Capitōlium. Other meanings from specific instances of capitol, q.v. As a French town hall, a calque of French Capitole.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin French Capitole
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated