English Reference

Word

carl

Phoneticscarl

US/ˈkɑɹɫ/

UK/kˈɑːl/

Definitions

01a rude person

C2

n. a very old word for a man who is rude, impolite, or has no manners.

n. a man of low birth or one who is rude and ill-bred. This sense is archaic and rarely encountered outside of historical literature.

“In the old story, the carl refused to help the travellers find their way.”

“The protagonist was described as a surly carl, more interested in his own comfort than in the plight of the villagers.”

Archaic · Literary

Teaching tip

This word is almost never used in modern conversation. Students will only see it in historical novels or poetry.

Synonyms

churlboorpeasant

Antonyms

02a stingy person

C2

n. a person who does not like to spend money.

n. a stingy or miserly person. This usage is primarily restricted to older Scots dialects and is now considered obsolete.

“The old carl would not give even a penny to the charity.”

“He had a reputation as a bitter carl who hoarded his wealth while his neighbours struggled through the winter.”

Archaic · Dialect

Teaching tip

Mostly found in Scottish literature; modern speakers would use 'miser' or 'cheapskate' instead.

Synonyms

miserniggard

Antonyms

Etymology

From Germanic, cognate with English Charles. * From German and other north European Carl and Karl. * From Latin Carolus.

Shortening.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry

Level
C2 · Proficiency
Frequency
Common
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference