ENGLISH
REFERENCE

catastrophic

adj.
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk// UK //kˌætɐstɹˈɒfɪk// cat·a·stroph·ic

adj. causing a huge amount of damage, suffering, or failure. You use this to describe a situation that is a complete disaster.

adj. causing sudden and great damage or suffering; involving a disastrous event. Often used to describe large-scale failures in systems, environments, or personal circumstances.


SIMPLE

The storm caused catastrophic damage to the coastal town.

CONTEXTUAL

A catastrophic failure of the cooling system forced the factory to shut down for several months.

COMPLEX

The sudden collapse of the major bank had a catastrophic effect on the global economy, leading to years of financial instability.

Synonyms
Origin

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek καταστροφικός (katastrophikós). By surface analysis, catastrophe + -ic.

Usage

Typically precedes the noun it modifies; often paired with nouns like 'failure', 'damage', 'loss', or 'consequences'.

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