ENGLISH
REFERENCE

chromosome

n. countable
C1 Advanced US //ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm// UK //kɹˈəʊməsˌəʊm// chro·mo·some

n. a tiny structure inside your cells that carries your genetic information. Think of it as a package that holds the instructions for how your body grows and works.

n. a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.


SIMPLE

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in their cells.

CONTEXTUAL

Doctors tested the baby's chromosomes to check for any genetic conditions.

COMPLEX

During cell division, chromosomes condense and become visible under a microscope, ensuring that each new cell receives an identical set of genetic instructions.

Origin

19th century: from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”) (because they are stained under the microscope). Equivalent to chromo- + -some.

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