English Reference

Word

cline

US/ˈkɫaɪn/

UK/klˈaɪn/

Definitions

01biological variation

C2 · Science

n. a slow change in a physical feature of a species across a large area.

n. a gradation in a character or phenotype within a species or systematic group, typically along a geographical or environmental gradient.

“The birds show a cline in wing length, with longer wings found in the colder north.”

“Ecologists observed a distinct morphological cline in the plant species as they sampled populations at increasing altitudes up the mountain range.”

Academic · Technical

Usage

Often used with the preposition 'in' to describe the specific trait that is changing.

Synonyms

gradientgradation

02a gradual scale

C2

n. any range where one thing slowly turns into another without a clear break.

n. a graduated continuum of any quality or state, where boundaries between categories are blurred.

“Linguists often view the difference between dialects as a cline rather than separate languages.”

“The transition from formal to informal register is best understood as a stylistic cline rather than a set of rigid categories.”

Academic

Usage

Frequently used in linguistics and sociology to describe non-binary transitions.

Antonyms

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλῑ́νω (klī́nō, “to lean, incline”). Introduced by English evolutionary biologist and eugenicist Julian Huxley in 1938 after British mycologist John Ramsbottom suggested the term.

From c(ircle) + line; compare circline.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Related words

This entry

Level
C2 · Proficiency
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference