English Reference
phrasal verb

close in

phr.v.

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    to move closer to someone or something from all sides, especially to catch them.

    to approach a target from multiple directions or to narrow the distance in a pursuit, often implying an impending capture or confrontation.

    Simple

    The police began to close in on the suspect as he reached the end of the street.

    In context

    As the search party began to close in on the remote cabin, the fugitive realised that his window for escape had finally shut.

    Usage

    often used with the preposition 'on' to indicate the target.

    convergenarrow insurround
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    when things like darkness, fog, or walls seem to move nearer and limit your space.

    to gradually surround or envelop, typically used of environmental factors like darkness, weather, or metaphorical pressures.

    Simple

    The thick fog started to close in, making it hard to see the path ahead.

    In context

    With the deadline approaching and the budget exhausted, the manager felt the walls closing in on his department's future.

    Usage

    often used with 'around' or 'on'.

    envelopencroach
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    to shut something inside a space or to cover it completely.

    to enclose or shut in a person or object within a confined space.

    Simple

    They decided to close in the porch with glass windows to keep the heat inside.

    In context

    The architect proposed to close in the courtyard with a retractable glass roof to allow for year-round use regardless of the weather.

    Usage

    transitive use; requires a direct object.

    releaseopen up
Teaching tip

highlight the metaphorical use with 'darkness' or 'winter' to show how the phrase can describe a feeling of being trapped or surrounded by an environment.

Particles
in
Separability
inseparable
Pattern
close + in (+ on + object)
This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated