ENGLISH
REFERENCE

come by

phr. v..
B2 Upper Intermediate Oxford

phr. v.. to find or get something that is hard to find or rare.

phr. v.. to obtain or acquire something, especially when the item is scarce or the process requires effort or chance.


SIMPLE

Good jobs are hard to come by these days.

CONTEXTUAL

How did you come by such a rare first edition of that book?

COMPLEX

In a market saturated with cheap imitations, authentic handcrafted furniture is increasingly difficult to come by for the average consumer.

Particles
by
Separability
inseparable
Pattern
come + by + object
Usage

usually used in the passive-like 'hard to come by' or as a transitive verb meaning 'to obtain'.

Teaching tip

focus on the 'rarity' aspect; we don't 'come by' milk at the supermarket, but we might 'come by' a vintage watch at a flea market.

Pitfall

Where did you come by to that money?Where did you come by that money?the verb is transitive and takes a direct object without the preposition 'to'.

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