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contamination

n.
US //kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən// UK //kəntˌæmɪnˈeɪʃən// con·tam·i·na·tion
  1. 1 pollution or dirt (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate Science

    the state of being dirty or dangerous because of chemicals, bacteria, or other harmful things.

    the presence of an unwanted constituent or impurity in a material, physical body, or natural environment.

    Example

    The city warned residents about the contamination of the local water supply after the flood.

    Example

    Environmental scientists detected significant chemical contamination in the soil samples collected near the decommissioned industrial site.

  2. 2 linguistic blending (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Linguistics

    when two words with similar meanings influence each other and change their sounds or forms.

    the process by which the form of one word is altered through the influence of another related word.

    Example

    The word 'female' changed its spelling because of contamination from the word 'male'.

    Example

    Historical linguists often cite contamination as the primary driver for irregular morphological changes in closely related lexical sets.

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  1. 3 mixing of texts (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Academic Formal

    when a person copying an old book mixes parts from different versions together.

    the intermingling of readings from multiple manuscript sources by a copyist, resulting in a hybrid text.

    Example

    The ancient poem exists in several versions due to the contamination of different manuscripts.

    Example

    The editor faced the difficult task of identifying textual contamination where the scribe had clearly consulted two distinct traditions simultaneously.

Origin

From Latin contāminātiōnem.

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