English Reference
noun

contamination

n.
US /kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən/ UK /kəntˌæmɪnˈeɪʃən/ con·tam·i·na·tion UK spelling contaminations

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Science

    the state of being dirty or dangerous because of chemicals, bacteria, or other harmful things.

    the presence of an unwanted constituent or impurity in a material, physical body, or natural environment.

    Simple

    The city warned residents about the contamination of the local water supply after the flood.

    In context

    Environmental scientists detected significant chemical contamination in the soil samples collected near the decommissioned industrial site.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Technical Linguistics

    when two words with similar meanings influence each other and change their sounds or forms.

    the process by which the form of one word is altered through the influence of another related word.

    Simple

    The word 'female' changed its spelling because of contamination from the word 'male'.

    In context

    Historical linguists often cite contamination as the primary driver for irregular morphological changes in closely related lexical sets.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency AcademicFormal

    when a person copying an old book mixes parts from different versions together.

    the intermingling of readings from multiple manuscript sources by a copyist, resulting in a hybrid text.

    Simple

    The ancient poem exists in several versions due to the contamination of different manuscripts.

    In context

    The editor faced the difficult task of identifying textual contamination where the scribe had clearly consulted two distinct traditions simultaneously.

Next, the team is testing environmental water samples collected in Michigan to determine whether the approach can detect PFAS contamination outside the laboratory.

Phys.org· 17 Aug 2026

Three key Pfas chemicals were banned in Australia last year due to long-running concerns about environmental contamination and health risks.

The Guardian· 17 Aug 2026

From Latin contāminātiōnem.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin contāminātiō
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated