English Reference
noun

courtship

n.
US /ˈkɔɹˌtʃɪp/ UK /kˈɔːtʃɪp/ courtship UK spelling courtships

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the time when two people have a romantic relationship with the intention of getting married.

    the period during which a couple develops a romantic relationship, traditionally with the aim of marriage.

    Simple

    After a brief courtship of only three months, they decided to get married.

    In context

    Their traditional courtship was conducted under the watchful eyes of their families, following the social customs of the era.

    Usage

    Often used to describe historical or formal romantic periods.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Science

    the special way animals or birds behave to attract a mate.

    the ritualised behaviour patterns displayed by animals to attract a mate and initiate breeding.

    Simple

    The male peacock uses its colourful feathers as part of a courtship display.

    In context

    Biologists observed the complex courtship rituals of the birds, noting how the males competed for the attention of a single female.

    mating ritual
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    the act of trying to persuade someone to support you or do business with you.

    the process of seeking to win the favour, support, or business of another party through persistent attention.

    Simple

    The city began a long courtship of the tech company to convince them to move there.

    In context

    The merger was the result of a year-long courtship between the two rival firms, involving numerous private negotiations.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency ArchaicLiterary

    polite and elegant behaviour that was common in royal courts in the past.

    the practice of courtly manners or the display of elegance and etiquette suitable for a royal court.

    Simple

    The knight was famous for his courtship and his bravery in battle.

    In context

    The ambassador was praised for his impeccable courtship, navigating the complex social hierarchies of the palace with ease.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is archaic; modern speakers use 'courtesy' or 'etiquette' for general politeness.

    courtlinessgallantryetiquette

Mild-mannered outside of breeding season, they star in a spectacular springtime courtship display in the wetlands of Europe, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.

Smithsonian Magazine· 2 Sept 2026

The male gharials also let out pops when faced with a potential challenger male, or as a courtship call.

Smithsonian Magazine· 2 Sept 2026

From court (“demonstration of such respect as is traditionally given at court; attention directed to a person in power; behaviour designed to gain favour; politeness of manner; civility towards someone”) + -ship (suffix forming nouns indicating a property or state of being).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated