ENGLISH
REFERENCE

cram

v.
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˈkɹæm// UK //kɹˈæm// cram Archaic Slang

v. to study very hard in a short time, usually just before an exam. You do this when you have not prepared enough and need to learn a lot of information quickly.

v. to engage in intensive, last-minute study of a large volume of information, typically for an upcoming examination. Often implies a lack of prior preparation and a focus on short-term memorisation.


SIMPLE

I have to cram for my history test tomorrow.

CONTEXTUAL

Instead of reviewing the material throughout the semester, he spent the entire weekend trying to cram for the final exam.

COMPLEX

While some students believe they can successfully cram the night before a presentation, research suggests that spaced repetition is far more effective for long-term retention of complex concepts.

Synonyms
Usage

Often used intransitively with the preposition 'for', or transitively with the subject matter as the direct object.

Pitfall

I am cramming my exam.I am cramming for my exam.When referring to the test itself, use 'for'; use the direct object only for the information being memorised (e.g., 'cramming facts').

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