English Reference
noun

debtor

n.
US /ˈdɛtɝ/ UK /dˈɛtɐ/ debtor UK spelling debtors

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate FormalTechnical Law

    a person or business that owes money to another person or a bank.

    an entity that owes a financial obligation to a creditor. The term is standard in accounting and legal proceedings.

    Simple

    The company struggled to pay its staff because a major debtor had not paid their bill.

    In context

    The court appointed a receiver to manage the assets of the debtor after they failed to meet the revised repayment schedule.

    Usage

    Commonly paired with 'creditor' as its functional opposite in financial reporting.

    Pitfall
    The debtor paid his debt to the bank. The debtor paid his debt to the creditor.

    While a bank is often the lender, in formal writing, the person who is owed money is specifically called the 'creditor'.

That helps debtors get back on their feet.

The Conversation· 19 Aug 2026

From Middle English dettour, from Old French detour, from Latin debitor, equivalent to debt + -or. Doublet of debitor. Displaced native Old English *sċola.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin debitor
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated