English Reference

Word

dickens

Phoneticsdick·ens

US/ˈdɪkənz/

UK/dˈɪkənz/

Definitions

01the devil (intensifier)

C1

n. a funny, old-fashioned word for 'the devil' used to show surprise or anger in a question.

n. a euphemistic substitute for 'the devil', used as an intensifier in interrogative constructions to express surprise, frustration, or emphasis.

“Where the dickens did I leave my car keys?”

“What the dickens is going on in the garden that is causing such a commotion among the neighbours?”

Humorous · Archaic

Usage

Always used with the definite article 'the' and typically found in questions starting with 'who', 'what', 'where', or 'how'.

Teaching tip

This is very old-fashioned; students will encounter it in 19th-century literature or when someone is being intentionally funny and polite.

Synonyms

02trouble or a mess

C2

n. a lot of trouble, a loud argument, or a big mess.

n. a state of significant trouble, a loud disturbance, or physical damage.

“The heavy storm played the dickens with our travel plans.”

“The new tax regulations have played the dickens with the accounting department's end-of-year projections.”

Humorous · Archaic · British English

Usage

Commonly used in the idiom 'to play the dickens with' something.

Teaching tip

Explain that 'play the dickens with' means to cause a lot of problems or damage.

Etymology

From Dicken, a medieval diminutive form of Dick + the patronymic suffix -s.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Idioms

play the dickens with — Synonym of play the devil with.

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference