English Reference
noun · verb

dung

n. · v.
US /ˈdəŋ/ UK /dˈʌŋ/ dung UK spelling dungs

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.waste from animals, especially large ones like cows or elephants.

    n.the excrement of animals, typically large herbivores, often used as manure for soil enrichment.

    Simple

    The farmer collected the cow dung to use as fertilizer for his crops.

    In context

    Biologists studied the elephant dung to determine the health and diet of the herd moving through the reserve.

    Usage

    Usually uncountable when referring to the substance in general.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Technical Cooking

    v.to put animal waste on land to help plants grow better.

    v.to apply dung to land as a fertilizer.

    Simple

    The gardener decided to dung the vegetable patch before the spring planting.

    In context

    Traditional agricultural practices required the peasants to dung the fields heavily after the autumn harvest to prepare for the next cycle.

    Usage

    Transitive verb taking the land or soil as its direct object.

    fertilizemanure
  3. 03 C2 Proficiency TechnicalFormal

    v.a word for when an animal passes waste from its body.

    v.to void excrement; used specifically in reference to animals.

    Simple

    The horses were dunging in the field near the fence.

    In context

    The veterinarian noted that the cattle were dunging more frequently than usual, suggesting a change in their dietary fiber intake.

    Usage

    Intransitive verb.

    defecate

I also wanted a modest fossil: the coprolite, millions-of-years-old dung.

The Guardian· 8 Sept 2026

Some species are found in the unlikeliest places: in the soil crust of the Sonoran desert, on decaying dung in the Sahara, in cushions of Antarctic moss.

The Guardian· 8 Sept 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English dung, dunge, donge, from Old English dung (“dung; excrement; manure”), from Proto-West Germanic dungu, from Proto-Germanic dungō (“dung”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰengʰ- (“to cover”). Superseded non-native Middle English fen (“dung, excrement, filth”), from Old French fien, fiente (“dung, manure”).

Etymology 2

See ding

Etymology 3

unknown

Etymology 4

Onomatopoeic.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *dʰengʰ-
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated