Word
either
Phoneticsei·ther, stress on the first syllable
US/ˈaɪðɝ/
UK/ˈaɪðɐ/
Sentence adverb
Definitions
01one of two
A2 · Elementary
det. one or the other of two things or people.
det. referring to any one of two people, things, or possibilities.
日本語:いずれか※
“You can park on either side of the street today.”
“The candidate was equally qualified for either position, making the final selection process exceptionally difficult for the hiring committee.”
Usage
Followed by a singular countable noun.
Pitfall
You can take either books.
You can take either book.
When used as a determiner before a noun, 'either' must be followed by a singular countable noun.
Synonyms
Antonyms
02both
B1 · Intermediate
det. each of two things.
det. referring to each of two things, often used to describe things that come in pairs.
日本語:どちらも※
Español:cada
“There were tall trees on either side of the river.”
“The guards stood at either end of the corridor, ensuring that no unauthorised personnel could enter the secure wing.”
Usage
Followed by a singular countable noun.
Teaching tip
In this sense, 'either' is more formal than 'both'.
03one or the other
A2 · Elementary
pron. one of two people or things, used without naming the noun again.
pron. the one or the other of two people or things; functions as the head of a noun phrase.
日本語:いずれか※
“I have two pens; you can use either of them.”
“If either of the proposed solutions fails to address the budget deficit, the board will be forced to consider more drastic measures.”
Usage
Often followed by 'of' plus a plural noun or pronoun.
Antonyms
04choice with 'or'
A2 · Elementary
conj. used before the first of two choices to show a clear alternative.
conj. a correlative conjunction used to introduce the first of two or more alternatives, paired with 'or'.
“We can either go to the cinema or stay at home and watch a movie.”
“The company must either invest heavily in new technology or risk losing its competitive advantage in the global market.”
Usage
Pairs with 'or' to connect words, phrases, or clauses.
Teaching tip
Ensure the elements following 'either' and 'or' are grammatically parallel.
05also (in negative sentences)
A2 · Elementary
adv. used at the end of a negative sentence to mean 'also'.
adv. used for emphasis after a negative statement to indicate that a further negative fact is also true.
“I don't like spicy food, and my sister doesn't like it either.”
“The first experiment did not yield the expected results, and the subsequent trials were not successful either.”
Usage
Typically placed at the end of a clause.
Pitfall
I don't like coffee too.
I don't like coffee either.
Use 'too' or 'also' in positive sentences, but use 'either' in negative sentences.
Etymology
From Middle English either, from Old English ǣġhwæþer, from Proto-West Germanic aiw + gahwaþar. Akin to Old Saxon eogihwethar, iahwethar (Low German jeed); Old Dutch iogewether, iowether, *iother (Dutch ieder); Old High German eogihwedar, iegihweder, ieweder (German jeder).
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Related words
Idioms
01. either do or die
Grammar
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
- Frequency
- Very common
- Level
- A2 · ElementaryOxford
- Updated
- アルファベット
- 読み方の一覧 →
QR code
englishreference.com/q/either
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「日本語」 data: JMdict (EDRDG), CC BY-SA 4.0
Traducciones: Kaikki.org (Wiktionary), CC BY-SA 4.0