English Reference

Word

encounter

Phoneticsen·counter

US/ɪnˈkaʊnɝ/

UK/ɛnkˈaʊntɐ/

Definitions

01to meet or find

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to meet someone or find something, especially when you did not plan to.

v. to meet or come across someone or something unexpectedly. Transitive — requires a direct object.

“We encountered several problems while trying to set up the new software.”

“During the expedition, the team encountered a rare species of orchid that had not been documented in this region for decades.”

Synonyms

meetcome acrossrun into

Antonyms

02to face a challenge

B2 · Upper Intermediate Academic

v. to experience or deal with something difficult.

v. to be faced with or experience something, typically something unpleasant or difficult to manage.

“The project encountered strong opposition from the local community.”

“The proposed legislation is expected to encounter significant resistance when it reaches the upper house for debate.”

03unexpected meeting

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a meeting that happens by chance.

n. an unexpected or casual meeting with someone or something.

“A brief encounter with an old friend at the airport made my day.”

“The memoir describes a chance encounter with a famous poet that changed the course of the author's career.”

Synonyms

04a conflict or fight

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Formal

n. a violent or difficult meeting between two people or groups.

n. a hostile or adversarial meeting, such as a skirmish, clash, or intense competition.

“The protest ended after a brief encounter between the police and the crowd.”

“The border patrol reported a violent encounter with armed smugglers in the early hours of the morning.”

Antonyms

05sports match

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Sports British English

n. a game or match between two teams.

n. a sporting competition or match between two opposing sides.

“The two teams are preparing for their next encounter in the final.”

“Fans are eagerly anticipating the weekend's encounter between the league leaders and their historic rivals.”

06extrajudicial killing

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Law Dialect

n. a situation where the police kill a suspected criminal without a trial.

n. a euphemism for an extrajudicial killing by the police or security forces.

“The news reported that the suspect was killed in a police encounter.”

“Human rights organizations have called for an independent inquiry into the recent encounter in the outskirts of the city.”

Usage

Specific to Indian English and South Asian media contexts.

Teaching tip

This sense is highly regional; outside of South Asia, 'encounter' would not be understood as a killing.

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “encounter” in context.

Verb

01. encounter difficulty

“If you encounter difficulty while installing the software, please contact our support team.”

verb + noun

02. frequently encounter

“Travelers frequently encounter language barriers when visiting remote areas.”

adv + verb

03. previously encounter

“The doctor realized the patient had previously encountered a similar allergic reaction.”

adv + verb

Real-World Examples

“In it, passersby are filmed without their knowledge as they encounter a bloodstain left by Mendieta on the pavement outside her building.”
The Guardian 8 Oct 2026
“That background gave her experience with many of the obstacles pregnant patients can encounter.”
ScienceDaily 6 Oct 2026
“Instead, he wanted to travel, meet people and learn from these encounters.”
The Guardian 5 Oct 2026
“It could later encounter flooding, salty soil and pollutants.”
Phys.org 7 Oct 2026

Etymology

From Middle English encountren, from Anglo-Norman encountrer, Old French encontrer (“to confront”), from encontre (“against, counter to”), from Late Latin incontrā (“in front of”) itself from Latin in (“in”) + contrā (“against”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domain

Sports

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Common
Level
B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
Updated

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English Reference