English Reference
Verb

exacerbate

v.
C1 Advanced US /ɪɡˈzæsɝˌbeɪt/ UK /ɛɡzˈæsəbˌeɪt/ ex·ac·er·bate UK spelling exacerbated, exacerbates

v.to make a bad situation, feeling, or problem much worse. You use this when something already difficult becomes even more difficult.

v.to make a condition, situation, or feeling worse. Transitive — requires a direct object representing the negative state being intensified.


SIMPLE

The cold weather exacerbates my allergies.

CONTEXTUAL

The manager's harsh criticism exacerbated the tension in the office, leading to several employees leaving early.

COMPLEX

Economic instability often exacerbates social inequalities, as the most vulnerable members of the population are the first to lose their jobs and savings.

Usage exacerbate problem

Spain's population schism was further exacerbated during the 2008 financial crisis, which hit the country hard.

The Local· 14 Aug 2026

They included people whose breathing problems and other underlying health conditions were exacerbated by the heat, it said.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

Common in science writing


First attested in 1660; borrowed from Latin exacerbātus, perfect passive participle of Latin exacerbō (“to provoke”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from ex- (“out of; thoroughly”) + acerbō (“to embitter, harshen or worsen”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin exacerbō
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated