English Reference
noun

fertility

n.
US /fɝˈtɪɫəti/ UK /fɜːtˈɪlɪti/ fer·til·i·ty UK spelling fertilities

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Medicine

    the natural ability of a person or animal to have babies.

    the physiological ability of an individual or couple to conceive and produce offspring.

    Simple

    The couple visited a clinic to discuss their fertility options.

    In context

    Advances in reproductive medicine have provided new hope for individuals facing fertility challenges due to age or underlying health conditions.

    fecundityfruitfulness
    infertilitysterility
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    how good soil is for growing healthy plants and crops.

    the quality of soil that enables it to provide essential chemical elements and support abundant plant growth.

    Simple

    Adding compost to the garden helps improve the fertility of the soil.

    In context

    The volcanic ash deposited over centuries has resulted in exceptional soil fertility, supporting a diverse range of agricultural activities in the valley.

    richnessproductiveness
    barrenness
  3. 03 C1 Advanced AcademicTechnical

    the number of babies born in a specific group of people over a period of time.

    the ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area; often expressed as births per 1,000 people per year.

    Simple

    The government is concerned about the falling fertility rate in the country.

    In context

    Demographers noted that the national fertility rate had dropped below the replacement level, prompting a debate on future economic stability.

    Usage

    Often used in the phrase 'fertility rate' when discussing population statistics.

    birth rate

Usage fertility treatment

Now she faces a race against time - and an £8,000 bill - for post-cancer fertility treatment if she is to have a chance of a baby in years to come.

BBC News· 17 Aug 2026

Some parents think that their 9-year-old is too young to be hearing about periods and fertility, without realising that some 9 year olds have already started their periods.

BBC News· 16 Aug 2026
This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated