English Reference
noun · verb

gender

n. · v.
US /ˈdʒɛndɝ/ UK /dʒˈɛndɐ/ gen·der UK spelling gender's, gender's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the social and cultural identity of being a man, a woman, or another identity.

    n.the state of being a man, woman, or non-binary person, typically in relation to social and cultural roles rather than biological ones.

    Simple

    The survey asked for my age, gender, and occupation.

    In context

    Sociologists argue that gender is a social construct that varies significantly across different cultures and historical periods.

    Usage

    Often used in contrast with 'sex' to distinguish social identity from biological characteristics.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic Science

    n.a way of grouping nouns into categories like masculine, feminine, or neuter.

    n.a grammatical category used to classify nouns, pronouns, and adjectives, often determining agreement between words in a sentence.

    Simple

    In French, every noun has a gender, either masculine or feminine.

    In context

    The German language features three grammatical genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter, which dictate the form of the definite article.

    Usage

    In linguistics, this is often referred to as 'grammatical gender'.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the physical category of being male or female.

    n.the classification of organisms as male or female based on reproductive functions.

    Simple

    The doctor noted the gender of the baby during the ultrasound.

    In context

    While 'sex' is the preferred technical term in biology, 'gender' is frequently used as a synonym in medical and legal documents.

    Teacher's tip

    In modern academic contexts, using 'gender' to mean 'biological sex' is often discouraged to avoid confusion with social identity.

    sex
  4. 04 C1 Advanced Technical Technical

    n.the classification of electrical or mechanical parts as 'male' or 'female' so they fit together.

    n.the property of matching connectors, where one part (male) fits into another (female) to create a connection.

    Simple

    Check the gender of the cable before you buy the adapter.

    In context

    The technician ensured that the gender of the serial port matched the connector on the peripheral device.

  5. 05 C1 Advanced Academic

    v.to treat someone or something as having a specific gender.

    v.to attribute a gender to a person, object, or concept; to perceive or address someone through the lens of gendered categories.

    Simple

    Society often genders certain toys, like dolls for girls and trucks for boys.

    In context

    The author explores how the workplace is gendered through subtle language choices and traditional power structures.

    Usage

    Often used in the passive voice or as a participle (e.g., 'a gendered perspective').

Usage gender identity · gender equality

Most of us would agree that our gender is not a choice but a core part of who we are.

Phys.org· 31 Aug 2026

She had organised everything from the baby shower and gender reveal to personalised decor for when Tommy arrived.

BBC News· 31 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English gendre, borrowed from Old French gendre, borrowed from Latin genere (“type, kind”). Doublet of genre and genus. The verb developed after the noun.

Etymology 2

From Middle English gendren, genderen, from Middle French gendrer, from Latin generāre.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Indonesian gender, from Javanese ꦒꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦂ (gendèr), from Old Javanese gĕnder.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin genus
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated