ENGLISH
REFERENCE

geological

adj.
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˌdʒiəˈɫɑdʒɪkəɫ// UK //dʒˌɪəlˈɒdʒɪkəl// ge·o·log·i·cal

adj. relating to the study of the Earth's rocks, layers, and how they change over time. You use this to describe things that happen over millions of years.

adj. relating to the study of the Earth's physical structure and substance. Often used to describe processes or time scales that occur over extremely long periods.


SIMPLE

The Grand Canyon shows many geological layers.

CONTEXTUAL

Scientists use geological evidence from deep ice cores to understand how the planet's climate changed thousands of years ago.

COMPLEX

The region's unique geological history, marked by volcanic activity and tectonic shifts, created a landscape that is both beautiful and dangerous for modern infrastructure projects.

Synonyms
Origin

From Renaissance Latin geōlogia + -ical; first attested slightly earlier than geology. By surface analysis, geo- + -logical.

Usage

Typically precedes the noun it modifies; often used in the phrase 'geological time' to contrast with human history.

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