English Reference
noun

gradient

n.
US /ˈɡɹeɪdiənt/ UK /ɡɹˈeɪdiənt/ gra·di·ent UK spelling gradient's, gradient's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the degree to which a road, path, or railway line goes up or down.

    the degree of inclination or the rate of ascent or descent of a physical slope, such as a road or railway track.

    Simple

    The cyclists struggled to maintain their speed on the steep gradient of the mountain road.

    In context

    Engineers had to carefully calculate the gradient of the new railway line to ensure the locomotives could manage the ascent during heavy rain.

    Usage

    Often used with adjectives like 'steep', 'gentle', or 'slight'.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Computing

    a smooth transition where one color gradually changes into another.

    a visual effect in which one color blends into another through a series of gradual steps or a smooth transition.

    Simple

    The website background uses a blue-to-white gradient that looks like the sky.

    In context

    The graphic designer applied a subtle radial gradient to the logo to give it a three-dimensional appearance without using complex shadows.

    gradationblend
    solid color
  3. 03 C1 Advanced TechnicalAcademic Math

    the steepness of a line on a graph, showing how fast one thing changes compared to another.

    the rate of change of a function with respect to its variables; specifically, the slope of a curve's tangent at a given point.

    Simple

    To solve the problem, you first need to find the gradient of the curve at point X.

    In context

    The student calculated the gradient of the graph to determine the acceleration of the particle over the specified time interval.

    Usage

    In calculus, often represented by the symbol ∇ (nabla).

To do so, she studied butterflies along an elevational gradient in the German Alps.

Phys.org· 17 Aug 2026

The first explanation the researchers came up with was that the flies were climbing a rising gradient of odor toward the source.

Ars Technica· 1 Aug 2026

From Latin gradiēns, present participle of gradior (“to step, to walk”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin gradiēns
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated