ENGLISH
REFERENCE

grind out

phr. v..
C1 Advanced Oxford Informal

phr. v.. to produce something slowly and with a lot of effort, especially when the work is boring or difficult.

phr. v.. to produce something through laborious, repetitive effort; often implies a lack of inspiration or a mechanical process of completion.


SIMPLE

He had to grind out a ten-page report by morning.

CONTEXTUAL

The team managed to grind out a narrow victory despite playing poorly for most of the match.

COMPLEX

The novelist spent years grinding out chapters in a windowless basement, driven more by discipline than by any remaining creative spark.

Particles
out
Separability
optional
Pattern
grind + out + object
Usage

usually takes a noun object like 'work', 'results', 'a win', or 'a report'.

Teaching tip

connect the metaphor to a mill or machine 'grinding' to help students visualize the slow, difficult, and mechanical nature of the work.

Pitfall

He grinded out the work.He ground out the work.the past tense of 'grind' is 'ground', even when used in this phrasal verb form.

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