English Reference

Word

guillotine

Phoneticsguil·lo·tine

US/ˈɡijəˌtin/

UK/ɡˈɪlətˌiːn/

Definitions

01execution device

B2

n. a machine used in the past for killing people by cutting off their heads with a heavy blade.

n. a device designed for carrying out capital punishment by decapitation, consisting of a tall upright frame and a suspended weighted blade.

“The guillotine was famously used during the French Revolution.”

“Historians often cite the introduction of the guillotine as an attempt to make capital punishment more humane and egalitarian during the Reign of Terror.”

Synonyms

beheader

02paper cutter

B2

n. a tool with a long blade used for cutting large stacks of paper or metal in a straight line.

n. a mechanical apparatus equipped with a heavy blade for trimming or cutting materials such as paper, card, or sheet metal.

“Be careful when using the paper guillotine in the office so you don't cut your fingers.”

“The print shop installed a heavy-duty industrial guillotine capable of slicing through five hundred sheets of bond paper in a single stroke.”

Synonyms

paper cuttertrimmer

03legislative limit

C1 · Law

n. a rule in government that sets a fixed time for a debate to end so a vote can happen.

n. a parliamentary procedure used to fix a time limit for the consideration of a bill, effectively curtailing further debate.

“The government used the guillotine to ensure the new law passed before the holiday.”

“The opposition protested the use of the guillotine, arguing that such a strict timetable prevented adequate scrutiny of the proposed tax reforms.”

British English · Informal

Synonyms

cloturetime limit

04to cut or end abruptly

C1

v. to cut something with a blade, or to end a plan or discussion very suddenly.

v. to decapitate using a guillotine, or figuratively, to terminate a process or debate with abrupt finality.

“The project was guillotined after the company lost its main investor.”

“The board of directors decided to guillotine the research programme, citing a lack of viable commercial applications for the current prototypes.”

Formal

Usage

Transitive; requires a direct object.

Synonyms

severterminatecut short

Antonyms

Real-World Examples

“Over in the Senate, the government is moving to guillotine debate on four key bills to get them through this week.”
The Guardian · 18 Aug 2026

Etymology

Borrowed from French guillotine, named after the French physician Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (1738–1814), who proposed its use for capital punishment.

Borrowed from French guillotiner (“to execute with a guillotine, to guillotine”), from guillotine (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domains

LawPoliticsSurgery

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference