hawk

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Law Academic

n. a person in politics who prefers using strong or aggressive actions, like war, instead of talking.

n. an advocate of aggressive or warlike political positions, particularly in foreign policy or military matters.

“The government hawks are calling for more troops to be sent to the border.”

“While the diplomats urged further negotiation, the hawks within the administration argued that only a decisive military strike would deter the aggressor.”

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Technical

n. a small square board with a handle underneath used by builders to hold plaster.

n. a square board with a handle underneath, used by plasterers or masons to hold mortar or plaster before application.

“The builder held the hawk in one hand and used a trowel to spread the plaster.”

“A skilled plasterer keeps the hawk loaded with just enough material to maintain a steady rhythm without causing unnecessary fatigue.”

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to try to sell things by calling out to people in public places.

v. to offer goods for sale, typically by shouting in public spaces or moving from place to place.

“Street vendors were hawking cheap souvenirs to the tourists near the station.”

“Throughout the festival, local artisans hawked their wares from makeshift stalls, competing for the attention of the passing crowds.”

C1 · Advanced Informal

v. to make a loud, rough noise in your throat to bring up phlegm or mucus.

v. to clear the throat noisily or to cough up phlegm with a harsh, fricative sound.

“He had to hawk and spit before he could start speaking clearly again.”

“The old man hawked loudly, clearing his throat of the morning congestion before addressing his visitors.”