English Reference
adjective · noun

illiterate

adj. · n.
US /ˌɪˈɫɪtɝət/ UK /ɪlˈɪtəɹət/ il·lit·er·ate UK spelling illiterates

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.describes someone who has not learned how to read or write.

    adj.unable to read or write; lacking the basic skills of literacy.

    Simple

    In the past, many people remained illiterate because they could not attend school.

    In context

    The government launched a nationwide campaign to provide basic education to illiterate adults in rural provinces.

    unlettered
  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Formal

    adj.written in a way that does not follow the rules of grammar or language.

    adj.failing to conform to the prescribed standards of grammar, syntax, or formal writing.

    Simple

    The manager was angry because the report was messy and illiterate.

    In context

    The professor dismissed the essay as illiterate, noting its complete disregard for standard academic punctuation and structure.

    ungrammaticaluneducated
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    n.a person who does not know how to read or write.

    n.an individual who lacks the ability to read or write.

    Simple

    The charity provides special classes for illiterates to help them find better jobs.

    In context

    The census categorized a significant portion of the elderly population as illiterates due to the lack of schooling during the war years.

He was also challenged about whether he was nonverbal until the age of 11, as well as being illiterate until 18.

The Guardian· 16 Aug 2026

Arday said he had been nonverbal until the age of 11, requiring extensive speech and language therapy, as well as being illiterate until 18.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

First attested in 1425–1475, in Middle English; from Middle English illiterat(e) (“uneducated, ignorant of Latin”), borrowed from Latin illīterātus, illitterātus (“unlearned, ignorant”), itself from in- (“un-”) + līterātus, litterātus (“furnished with letters”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from lītera, littera (“letter, character”). The noun was derived from the adjective by substantivization, see -ate (noun-forming suffix).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin illīterātus
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated