ENGLISH
REFERENCE

including

prep.
US //ˌɪnˈkɫudɪŋ// UK //ɪnklˈuːdɪŋ// in·clud·ing
  1. 1 part of a group (prep.)
    A2 Elementary

    used to introduce a person or thing that is part of a larger group you just mentioned.

    introduces one or more members of a set or category previously mentioned in the clause.

    Example

    The whole family went on holiday, including the dog.

    Example

    The total cost of the renovation was significant, including the structural repairs and the interior design fees.

    Usage

    Usually follows the noun or phrase representing the whole group.
    Pitfall
    The price is $50, including of tax.
    The price is $50, including tax.

    Do not use 'of' after 'including'. It functions as a preposition on its own.

Origin

By surface analysis, include + -ing.

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