ENGLISH
REFERENCE

influenza

n. uncountable
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˌɪnfɫuˈɛnzə// UK //ˌɪnfluːˈɛnzɐ// in·fluen·za

n. a common illness that causes a fever, body aches, and a cough. It is more serious than a cold and is often called the flu.

n. an acute, highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory tract, typically characterised by inflammation of the mucous membranes, fever, and muscular pain.


SIMPLE

He stayed home from work because he had influenza.

CONTEXTUAL

Health officials recommend getting a vaccine every year to protect against the most common strains of influenza.

COMPLEX

The 1918 influenza pandemic remains one of the deadliest events in human history, illustrating how rapidly a respiratory virus can spread across a globally connected population.

Synonyms
Origin

From Italian influenza (“influence”), from Latin influentia. Doublet of influence.

Usage

Often used with the definite article ('the flu') in common speech; 'influenza' is preferred in medical or formal contexts.

Pitfall

I have a influenzaI have influenzaWhen using the full medical term, it is treated as an uncountable mass noun and does not take an indefinite article.

© 2026 English Reference