English Reference
noun

iniquity

n.
US /ˌɪˈnɪkwɪti/ UK /ɪnˈɪkwɪti/ in·iq·ui·ty UK spelling iniquities, iniquity's

  1. 01 C2 Proficiency FormalLiterary

    the quality of being very unfair or morally wrong.

    gross injustice or wickedness; the quality of being deeply immoral. Uncountable in this abstract sense.

    Simple

    The reformer spent his life fighting against the iniquity of the slave trade.

    In context

    The philosopher argued that the inherent iniquity of the social system would eventually lead to a total collapse of public trust.

    Usage

    Often used in the singular to describe a general state of unfairness.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a high-level, formal word often found in religious or historical texts; students should use 'unfairness' or 'wrongdoing' in everyday speech.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency FormalLiterary

    a specific action that is very unfair or evil.

    a specific act of great injustice or a wicked deed. Countable in this sense.

    Simple

    The survivors told stories of the iniquities committed during the long war.

    In context

    The commission was tasked with investigating the various iniquities perpetrated by the regime against its own citizens.

    Usage

    Commonly used in the plural to list specific instances of wrongdoing.

    Teacher's tip

    Note the plural form 'iniquities' when referring to multiple specific events.


From Middle English iniquite, jniquite (“evil, wickedness, iniquity; evil act; hostility, malevolence; hostile act; a calamity, misfortune”), from Old French iniquité (modern French iniquité (“iniquity”)), from Latin inīquitās (“iniquity; inequality, unfairness; inequity, injustice”), from inīquus (“unequal, uneven, unfair; disadvantageous, unfavourable; hostile, unkind; unsuitable; wicked, wrong”) + -itās (variant of -tās (suffix forming a noun indicating a state of being)). Inīquus is derived from in- (prefix meaning ‘not’) + aequus (“equal; fair, impartial, just”). Piecewise doublet of inequity.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin inīquitās
Level C2 · Proficiency
Frequency Occasional
Updated