English Reference
noun

insolvency

n.
US /ˌɪnˈsɑɫvənsi/ UK /ɪnsˈɒlvənsi/ in·sol·ven·cy UK spelling insolvencies

  1. 01 C1 Advanced TechnicalFormal Law

    the state of not having enough money to pay your bills or debts when they are due.

    the condition of being unable to pay debts in the ordinary course of business. Uncountable in this general sense.

    Simple

    The small shop faced insolvency after three months of very low sales.

    In context

    The firm was forced into insolvency after a series of bad investments left them unable to meet their monthly payroll obligations.

    Usage

    Often used with the verbs 'face', 'avoid', or 'enter into'.

    Pitfall
    The company went into the insolvency. The company went into insolvency.

    When referring to the state of being insolvent, 'insolvency' is usually uncountable and does not take an article.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced TechnicalAcademic Math

    a financial state where the total amount of money you owe is more than the value of everything you own.

    a state of negative net worth where total liabilities exceed the fair market value of all assets.

    Simple

    Even though they had cash in the bank, their long-term debts caused technical insolvency.

    In context

    Balance sheet insolvency occurs when the total value of a company's assets is less than the total amount of its liabilities.

Research has suggested that poorer outcomes tend to occur in insolvencies where the assets are acquired by connected parties paying via future instalments.

The Guardian· 30 Aug 2026

Under EFL regulations, any club official who is the subject of two insolvency events is prevented from acting as a controlling owner or director.

The Guardian· 19 Aug 2026

From insolvent + -cy.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated