English Reference
noun

mole

n.
US /ˈmoʊɫ/ mole UK spelling moles, moling

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    a small, dark-furred animal that lives underground and digs tunnels.

    a small, insectivorous mammal of the family Talpidae, adapted to a subterranean lifestyle with powerful forelimbs for digging.

    Simple

    The gardener was upset because a mole had made holes all over the lawn.

    In context

    Moles are often considered pests by farmers because their extensive tunneling systems can damage the root structures of young crops.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate Medicine

    a small, dark, permanent mark on a person's skin.

    a pigmented, typically slightly raised spot on the human skin, medically known as a melanocytic naevus.

    Simple

    She went to the doctor to check a new mole on her shoulder.

    In context

    Dermatologists recommend monitoring any mole that changes shape or colour, as this can be an early indicator of skin cancer.

    birthmarknaevus
  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Informal

    a spy who works inside an organisation to steal secrets for an enemy.

    an agent who joins an enemy organisation to gather intelligence and betray secrets from within over a long period.

    Simple

    The police suspected there was a mole in the department leaking information to criminals.

    In context

    The intelligence agency spent years trying to identify the mole who had been compromising their overseas operations since the late nineties.

    spydouble agentinformant
  4. 04 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    a scientific unit used to measure the amount of a substance.

    the SI base unit for the amount of substance, defined as containing exactly 6.02214076×10²³ elementary entities.

    Simple

    In chemistry class, we learned how to calculate the number of moles in a liquid.

    In context

    To determine the precise concentration of the solution, the researcher first calculated the number of moles of solute present in the sample.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate Cooking

    a type of spicy Mexican sauce, often made with chili and chocolate.

    a traditional Mexican sauce or marinade made from a complex mixture of chillies, spices, and sometimes unsweetened chocolate.

    Simple

    We ordered chicken with mole sauce at the new Mexican restaurant.

    In context

    The chef prepared a traditional mole poblano, which requires a lengthy simmering process to balance the heat of the peppers with the richness of the cocoa.

  6. 06 C2 Proficiency Technical Science

    a large stone wall built in the sea to protect a port from waves.

    a massive stone structure, such as a breakwater or pier, designed to protect a harbour from the force of the sea.

    Simple

    The ships stayed safe inside the harbour behind the thick stone mole.

    In context

    The ancient port was protected by a massive mole that extended several hundred metres into the bay, shielding the fleet from northern gales.

    breakwaterpierjetty
  7. 07 C2 Proficiency SlangVulgarDialect

    a very rude and mean word for a woman.

    a highly derogatory and offensive term for a woman, primarily used in Australian and New Zealand English.

    Simple

    He got into trouble for calling the woman a mole during the argument.

    In context

    The use of the term 'mole' as a gendered slur is considered extremely offensive in contemporary Australian social contexts.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a regional slur found in Australia and New Zealand; learners should avoid using it as it is highly offensive.


From Latin mola (“mill”), or otherwise a back-formation from Molesey (“Mul's Island”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin mola
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated