ENGLISH
REFERENCE

or somebody

fixed phr..
B1 Intermediate Oxford

fixed phr.. you use this after naming a person to show you are not 100% sure if it was them or someone else.

fixed phr.. a pragmatic marker used to indicate epistemic uncertainty regarding the identity of a specific person mentioned; functions as a hedge to avoid inaccuracy.


SIMPLE

I think Sarah or somebody called you earlier.

CONTEXTUAL

The manager or somebody from the office will be there to meet you at the airport.

COMPLEX

The witness claimed that the defendant or somebody of a similar height was seen fleeing the premises shortly after the alarm sounded.

Usage

usually follows a specific name or job title in informal speech.

Teaching tip

this is a common 'vague language' strategy; teach it alongside 'or something' to help students sound more natural when they are uncertain.

Pitfall

I saw John or anybody.I saw John or somebody.in affirmative statements of uncertainty, 'somebody' is used rather than 'anybody'.

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