English Reference
noun · verb

overdrive

n. · v.
US /ˈoʊvɝˌdɹaɪv/ UK /ˈəʊvədɹˌaɪv/ over·drive UK spelling overdrives, overdriving

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a state of working very hard or being extremely active.

    n.a state of intensified activity, effort, or production, often beyond normal limits.

    Simple

    The factory went into overdrive to finish all the orders before the holiday.

    In context

    As the election approached, the candidate's PR machine went into overdrive, churning out press releases and social media content hourly.

    Usage

    Commonly used in the phrase 'to go into overdrive'.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Technical Engineering

    n.a high gear in a vehicle that helps the engine run more slowly while driving fast.

    n.a gear ratio in an automotive transmission that allows the output shaft to rotate faster than the input shaft, reducing engine wear and fuel consumption at cruising speeds.

    Simple

    Once he reached the highway, he shifted the car into overdrive to save fuel.

    In context

    The vintage sports car featured a manual overdrive unit, which was engaged via a toggle switch on the dashboard for high-speed touring.

    Usage

    Often used as an uncountable noun in technical contexts or a countable noun when referring to the specific mechanism.

    high gear
    low gear
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    v.to drive or push someone or something much harder than is healthy or safe.

    v.to drive, work, or exploit something or someone to the point of exhaustion or strain.

    Simple

    You shouldn't overdrive your staff if you want them to stay productive.

    In context

    The logistics manager was cautioned not to overdrive the delivery fleet, as the increased maintenance costs were offsetting the gains in speed.

    Usage

    Transitive verb taking a direct object.

    overworkovertaxstrain
    underworkrelax

Etymology 1

From Middle English overdriven, from Old English oferdrīfan, equivalent to over- + drive. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uurdrieuwe (“to overdo, overstate”), Dutch overdrijven (“to exaggerate”), German Low German overdrieven, överdrieven (“to overdo, exaggerate”), German übertreiben (“to overdo, exaggerate”), Norwegian overdrive (“to exaggerate”).

Etymology 2

From over- + drive, originally referring to gear ratios over 1:1.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old English oferdrīfan
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Occasional
Updated