ENGLISH
REFERENCE

owed

v.
A2 Elementary US //ˈoʊd// UK //ˈəʊd// owed

v. to have a duty to pay someone back because they gave you money or did something for you. It means you are in debt to another person.

v. to be under an obligation to pay or repay something, such as money, gratitude, or service, in return for something received. Transitive — requires a direct object and often an indirect object.


SIMPLE

I still owe him ten dollars for lunch.

CONTEXTUAL

After all the help she gave me during the move, I felt I owed her a huge favor.

COMPLEX

The company collapsed because it owed more to its creditors than it could ever hope to generate in annual revenue.

Synonyms
Usage

Often used in a ditransitive structure: 'to owe someone (indirect object) something (direct object)'.

Pitfall

I am owed to him moneyI owe him moneyLearners often confuse the active 'owe' with the passive 'am owed' or incorrectly add the preposition 'to' before the person.

© 2026 English Reference