English Reference
noun

penalties

n.
US /ˈpɛnəɫtiz/ UK /pˈɛnəltɪz/ penal·ties

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate Law

    punishments given for breaking a law, rule, or contract.

    sanctions or punishments imposed for a violation of law, regulation, or contractual obligation.

    Simple

    The company faced heavy financial penalties for polluting the local river.

    In context

    The new legislation introduces stricter criminal penalties for data breaches, including significant fines and potential custodial sentences for company directors.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate Sport

    punishments in a game, like a free shot at the goal after a foul.

    disadvantages or handicaps imposed on a player or team for an infringement of the rules.

    Simple

    The referee gave three penalties during the second half of the match.

    In context

    The team's lack of discipline resulted in several unnecessary penalties, ultimately costing them their lead in the final minutes of the game.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Informal Sport

    a series of penalty kicks used to decide a winner when a game ends in a tie.

    a penalty shootout used as a tie-breaking method in association football and similar sports.

    Simple

    The game was so close that it finally went to penalties.

    In context

    After a gruelling two hours of scoreless play, the quarter-final was decided on penalties, with the underdog goalkeeper making two spectacular saves.

    Usage

    Often used with the verb 'to go to'.

This entry
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated