ENGLISH
REFERENCE

penance

n. C / U
C2 Proficiency US //ˈpɛnəns// UK //pˈɛnəns// penance Archaic

n. an act you do to show you are sorry for doing something wrong. It is often a task or a prayer meant to make up for a mistake.

n. voluntary self-punishment or an act of devotion performed to express repentance for a sin or wrongdoing. Often associated with religious contexts, particularly the sacrament of reconciliation.


SIMPLE

He cleaned the entire house as penance for his rudeness.

CONTEXTUAL

The priest suggested a week of community service as a form of penance for the young man's actions.

COMPLEX

In many historical traditions, public penance was required to demonstrate a sincere change of heart and to restore the individual's standing within the community.

Synonyms
Origin

From Middle English penaunce, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French peneance, from Latin paenitentia (“repentance, penitence”). Doublet of penitence.

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the abstract concept of repentance; countable when referring to specific acts or tasks.

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