ENGLISH
REFERENCE

phd

n. countable
C1 Advanced US //ˈpiˌeɪtʃˈdi// phd

n. the highest degree you can earn from a university. It shows that you have done original research and are an expert in your subject.

n. the highest academic degree awarded by a university, typically requiring several years of original research and the successful defense of a thesis. Often used as a title for those who have completed a doctoral program.


SIMPLE

She is studying hard to finish her PhD.

CONTEXTUAL

After five years of intensive research in the laboratory, he finally submitted his PhD thesis for review.

COMPLEX

While a master's degree provides specialized knowledge, a PhD requires the candidate to make a significant and original contribution to their field through rigorous academic inquiry.

Usage

Often used with the verb 'to hold' or 'to earn'. When used as a title, it follows the person's name, usually separated by a comma.

Pitfall

She is a PhD.She has a PhD.The word refers to the degree itself, not the person who holds it; use 'has' or 'is a PhD student'.

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