ENGLISH
REFERENCE

philosophy

n. C / U
B2 Upper Intermediate Oxford US //fəˈɫɑsəfi// UK //fɪlˈɒsəfi// phi·los·o·phy Academic Archaic General-service

n. the study of big questions about life, knowledge, and what is right or wrong. It can also mean a set of ideas that guides how you live or work.

n. the systematic study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. It also refers to a specific system of thought or a personal set of principles for conduct.


SIMPLE

Her philosophy of life is to stay positive every day.

CONTEXTUAL

The university offers a degree in political philosophy that explores how different societies define justice and freedom.

COMPLEX

While the ancient Greeks laid the groundwork for Western philosophy, modern thinkers continue to debate the ethical implications of artificial intelligence and human consciousness.

Synonyms
Origin

From Middle English philosophie, Old French philosophie, and their source, Latin philosophia, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), from φίλος (phílos, “loving”) + σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”). By surface analysis, philo- + -sophy. Displaced Old English ūþwitegung.

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the academic field of study; countable when referring to a specific system of beliefs or a personal outlook.

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