ENGLISH
REFERENCE

philosophy

n.
US //fəˈɫɑsəfi// UK //fɪlˈɒsəfi// phi·los·o·phy
  1. 1 academic study (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate Academic Philosophy

    the study of the nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.

    the academic discipline that uses reason and logic to investigate the nature of reality, ethics, and human existence.

    Example

    She decided to study philosophy at university to understand different ways of thinking.

    Example

    The department offers a rigorous introduction to Western philosophy, focusing primarily on the transition from classical metaphysics to modern existentialism.

    Usage

    Often used as an uncountable noun when referring to the field of study.

  2. 2 personal belief system (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    a set of beliefs or ideas that guide how you live or work.

    a particular system of principles or beliefs for conduct or for the explanation of a specific domain.

    Example

    The company's philosophy is to put the customer's needs first.

    Example

    His coaching philosophy emphasizes long-term player development over immediate competitive results, even during the championship season.

    Usage

    Commonly used as a countable noun in this sense.

Show 1 more senseShow fewer
  1. 3 calmness (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Formal

    a calm and sensible way of dealing with a difficult situation.

    a calm and stoic attitude toward life's difficulties or disappointments.

    Example

    He accepted the loss of his job with philosophy, believing that a better opportunity would come.

    Example

    She endured the series of administrative setbacks with remarkable philosophy, refusing to let the delays affect her professional focus.

    Usage

    Often appears in the phrase 'to take something with philosophy'.

Origin

From Middle English philosophie, Old French philosophie, and their source, Latin philosophia, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), from φίλος (phílos, “loving”) + σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”). By surface analysis, philo- + -sophy. Displaced Old English ūþwitegung.

© 2026 English Reference