ENGLISH
REFERENCE

pneumonia

n. C / U
B2 Upper Intermediate US //nəˈmoʊnjə// UK //njuːmˈəʊniə// pneu·mo·nia

n. a serious illness that affects your lungs and makes it hard to breathe. It is usually caused by an infection from bacteria or a virus.

n. an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. Typically caused by infection with viruses or bacteria and less commonly by other microorganisms, certain drugs, or autoimmune diseases.


SIMPLE

He spent a week in the hospital recovering from pneumonia.

CONTEXTUAL

The doctor prescribed a course of antibiotics to treat the bacterial pneumonia and clear the patient's lungs.

COMPLEX

While modern medicine has significantly reduced the mortality rate, pneumonia remains a leading cause of death among the elderly and those with compromised immune systems worldwide.

Origin

From Ancient Greek πνευμονία (pneumonía, “lung disease”), from πνεύμων (pneúmōn, “lung”) + -ία (-ía).

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the disease in general; countable when referring to a specific case or instance of the illness.

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