English Reference

Word

polygamy

US/pəˈɫɪɡəˌmi/

UK/pˌɒlɪɡˈæmi/

Definitions

01multiple spouses

C1

n. the custom or practice of being married to more than one person at the same time.

n. the condition or practice of having more than one spouse or marriage partner simultaneously.

“In some cultures, polygamy is a traditional practice that has existed for centuries.”

“The legal system in most Western nations strictly prohibits polygamy, recognizing only monogamous marital unions as valid under the law.”

Formal

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the practice in general; countable when referring to specific instances or systems.

Synonyms

plural marriage

Antonyms

02multiple mates

C2 · Science

n. the habit of an animal having more than one sexual partner.

n. the state or habit of an animal having more than one sexual mate during a breeding season.

“Scientists studied the polygamy of the bird species to understand their social structure.”

“The prevalence of polygamy in certain primate species is often linked to the availability of resources and the need for genetic diversity.”

Technical

Usage

Commonly used in zoological research to describe mating strategies.

Synonyms

Antonyms

03botany

C2 · Science

n. when a single plant has both male, female, and mixed flowers.

n. the condition of a plant bearing both hermaphrodite (perfect) and unisexual flowers on the same or different individuals of the same species.

“The botanist noted the polygamy of the tree, which helped it reproduce easily.”

“Polygamy in floral biology serves as an evolutionary mechanism to ensure successful pollination across varying environmental conditions.”

Technical

Real-World Examples

“Polygamy is permitted under Islamic law and remains relatively common in The Gambia, where about 96 percent of the population is Muslim.”
Al Jazeera · 14 Aug 2026

Etymology

Recorded since 1591, from Late Latin polygamia, from Ancient Greek πολυγαμία (polugamía), itself from πολύγαμος (polúgamos, “married to many”), from πολύς (polús, “many”) + γάμος (gámos, “marriage”). Relates to modern prefix and suffix poly- + -gamy.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Related words

Domains

BotanyZoology

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference