English Reference
adjective

populous

adj.
US /ˈpɑpjəɫəs/ UK /pˈɒpjʊləs/ pop·u·lous

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    having a large number of people living in a place.

    containing a large population; having many inhabitants.

    Simple

    Java is the most populous island in the world, with over 140 million people.

    In context

    The government struggled to provide adequate infrastructure for its most populous provinces during the period of rapid urbanisation.

    Usage

    Usually placed before a noun or after a linking verb like 'is'.

    Pitfall
    Tokyo is a very population city. Tokyo is a very populous city.

    Use the adjective 'populous' to describe the place, and the noun 'population' to talk about the number of people.

    populatedpeopled
    unpopulatedempty
  2. 02 C1 Advanced Literary

    full of people or very crowded.

    densely populated or crowded with people.

    Simple

    The populous streets of the market were full of noise and colour.

    In context

    He found the populous corridors of the terminal overwhelming after spending a month in the quiet countryside.

    Teacher's tip

    In modern English, 'crowded' is much more common for physical spaces; 'populous' is usually reserved for formal or academic talk about statistics.

India, one of the world's most populous countries and largest media markets, has not traditionally been the focus of such research.

Phys.org· 19 Aug 2026

With more than 1.47 billion people, India is now the world's most populous country and is home to dozens of languages.

Phys.org· 17 Aug 2026

First used in English in the mid 15th century; from Latin populosus (“full of people, populous”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated